Publishers Weekly
03/22/2021
Clemson history professor Burton (The Age of Lincoln) and civil rights attorney Derfner deliver a comprehensive survey of the Supreme Court’s role in the battle for racial equality. Analyzing more than 200 rulings, the authors make clear that the court has more often been an impediment to progress than an ally of it. They put famous cases, including Dred Scott and Brown v. Board of Education, in the context of judicial precedents and contemporaneous politics, and spotlight the importance of more obscure rulings, including the 5-4 decision in Wards Cove Packing Co. v. Atonio (1989), which shifted to the plaintiff the burden of proving that “racially different results” produced by a company’s hiring practices didn’t have a legitimate business justification. Spanning American history from the colonial era to the present day, Burton and Derfner offer copious evidence that justices have been influenced by the politics of their respective eras, and, in some cases—including an 1876 decision striking down key parts of a law protecting voting rights for African Americans—have ignored a statute’s wording in order to rollback minority rights. This meticulous deep dive into the court’s mixed record on civil rights is a must-read for legal scholars. (May)
The Nation - Randall Kennedy
Show[s] with heartbreaking clarity how the Supreme Court has typically been more a foe than a friend to the pursuit of racial equality…[An] impressive work…Burton and Derfner’s discussion of recent Supreme Court jurisprudence offers high levels of insight, and they provide reliable guidance on controversies involving affirmative action, capital punishment, regulation of police, and other vexing subjects.
Sherrilyn Ifill
The sensitive and unsparing analysis that accompanies the wonderfully rich detail in this important book makes it a necessary work for anyone who wants to understand race in America through the critical lens of the Supreme Court’s powerful influence.
Criminal Law and Criminal Justice Books - Jeffrey Adler
An engaging, accessible, and elegantly written analysis of the history of American race relations, framed around roughly two hundred Supreme Court cases…A superb study.
James M. McPherson
A vivid narrative and analysis of social and political conflict whose issues made their way to the highest court for resolution. Written in a lucid, readable style, Justice Deferred traces the ways in which the Supreme Court sustained slavery, upheld the Thirteenth, Fourteenth, and Fifteenth Amendments during the early years of Reconstruction, shamefully succumbed to a racist retreat from equal rights until the 1940s, and led the way in a second Reconstruction from the 1950s to the 1980s, but has stumbled into a second and erratic retreat during the past thirty-five years.
Mary Frances Berry
Eminent historian Vernon Burton and distinguished civil rights lawyer Armand Derfner have produced a marvelous, comprehensive history of race and the Supreme Court. Justice Deferred is a thoroughly engaging and accessible book on an essential subject.
Patterns of Prejudice - Stephen J. Whitfield
A fluent, illuminating but dispiriting book…Ingeniously shows how widely the badge of servitude—the presumption that Blacks are unfit for equal rights and opportunities—has continued to haunt race relations.
Trial News - Talis Abolins
The first book to comprehensively chart the Supreme Court’s race jurisprudence. For reasons obvious to many, this book could not have come too soon. We are lucky to finally have this important history reference at a time when it seems the lessons of history can too easily be forgotten.
Tomiko Brown-Nagin
Remarkable for the breadth and depth of its historical and legal analysis, Justice Deferred makes an invaluable contribution to our understanding of the US Supreme Court’s role in America’s difficult racial history.
Post and Courier - John L. S. Simpkins
A comprehensive portrait of the centrality of race in some of the Court’s most momentous decisions…We would do well to internalize the lessons of Justice Deferred as we consider the current attacks on Critical Race Theory (which isn’t taught in K-12 schools, by the way) and Nikole Hannah-Jones’ ‘1619 Project’ as they attempt to shed light on the persistence of white supremacy in America. While it, too, may be demonized for its unflinching portrayal of our racialized legal history, Justice Deferred should be required reading for anyone seeking a deeper understanding of the impact of race on American political, economic, and legal structures.
Ibram X. Kendi
This comprehensive history demonstrates a hard truth in America: the highest court has most often been on the wrong side of racial justice. From the heartbreak of Dred Scott to the promise of Brown v. Board of Education to current efforts to roll back voting rights, Justice Deferred reminds us that the fight for justice requires our constant vigilance.
Los Angeles Review of Books - R. Owen Williams
Extremely important and timely…When it comes to SCOTUS’s racial decisions, Burton and Derfner let the history speak for itself…It is hard to read this story…as anything other than a disappointing and dispiriting betrayal of African Americans, Native Americans, Asian immigrants, other minorities, and civil rights…Many of the stories and cases considered in Justice Deferred are utterly heart wrenching. Taken together, they are enough to make us question our trust in the Supreme Court.
The Progressive - Frye Gaillard
An important contribution…Burton and Derfner argue that most of the Supreme Court’s accomplishments happened from the 1930s to the early 1970s. Before then, the court ‘spent much of its history ignoring or suppressing those rights, and in the half century since the early 1970s the Court’s record on civil rights has retreated far more than it advanced.’ With clear and accessible prose, Burton and Derfner trace this disheartening story, which began during slavery and has not stopped.
Rev. Dr. William J. Barber II
Justice Deferred plumbs, with magisterial sweep and resonant clarity, the Supreme Court’s wrestling with white America’s commitment to the politics of domination. For ten of our nation’s twelve generations, no massacre has been too bloody, no injustice too stark, for the Court to defend. Excruciating legal battles have brought evanescent victories. Always, justice requires us to struggle against the sin of forgetfulness, and this book strikes a mighty blow, calling us to the struggles of our time and reminding us that higher ground awaits.
Pamela S. Karlan
Weaving together sweeping trends and telling detail from cases both (in)famous and unknown, Justice Deferred is invaluable. Burton and Derfner go beyond constitutional cases to examine statutory cases as well, from fugitive slave lawsuits to decisions interpreting the anti-discrimination statutes of the Second Reconstruction, offering a far richer explanation for the current state of the law and racial justice. Written with a clarity that general readers can follow but with a sophistication that will deepen law students’ and practicing attorneys’ understanding, it is exactly the right book at the right time.
Congressman James E. Clyburn
When we reflect on the past, patterns emerge that explain the present. This remarkable book about race and the Supreme Court comes at a time when Americans are reckoning with the injustices of our past and the inequities they have wrought on our present. The fascinating narrative by Burton and Derfner, both of whom I know and admire, is especially relevant and can be helpful as our nation continues its pursuit of ‘a more perfect Union’ in the days and years to come.
Heather Cox Richardson
In this magisterial history, Burton and Derfner demonstrate how the law both reflects society and shapes it. Explaining landmark Supreme Court cases through the entire sweep of American history, they reveal that the key dividing line in American judicial ideology is between justices who interpret our laws broadly to bring our fundamental principles to life and justices who interpret them narrowly in order to starve them. This book is smart, accessible, and important.
New York Journal of Books - Mike Farris
At best, the US Supreme Court has a mixed record when it comes to issues of race and civil rights…Justice Deferred offers a needed refresher course for faded memories on the Supreme Court’s unequal history with one of the key issues not only of our day, but one that has always been key in this country’s development—one that still requires more work.
