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Overview
Edmund Burke (1730–97) lived during one of the most extraordinary periods of world history. He grappled with the significance of the British Empire in India, fought for reconciliation with the American colonies, and was a vocal critic of national policy during three European wars. He also advocated reform in Britain and became a central protagonist in the great debate on the French Revolution. Drawing on the complete range of printed and manuscript sources, Empire and Revolution offers a vivid reconstruction of the major concerns of this outstanding statesman, orator, and philosopher. In restoring Burke to his original political and intellectual context, this book overturns the conventional picture of a partisan of tradition against progress and presents a multifaceted portrait of one of the most captivating figures in eighteenth-century life and thought. A boldly ambitious work of scholarship, this book challenges us to rethink the legacy of Burke and the turbulent era in which he played so pivotal a role.
Product Details
| ISBN-13: | 9780691175652 |
|---|---|
| Publisher: | Princeton University Press |
| Publication date: | 05/02/2017 |
| Pages: | 1032 |
| Product dimensions: | 5.70(w) x 8.80(h) x 1.80(d) |
About the Author
Table of Contents
List of Illustrations ix
Acknowledgements xi
Abbreviations xiii
Chronology xv
Introduction 1
1 Empire and Revolution 1
2 Oratory, Philosophy, History 2
3 Britain, America, India, Ireland, France 5
4 The Spirit of Conquest and the Spirit of Liberty 16
Part I Reason and Prejudice: Early Formation, 1730-1750
Overview 25
1 The Blackwater, Ballitore, Trinity, and The Reformer 27
1.1 Introduction 27
1.2 Family and Childhood in Historical Context 27
1.3 School and University 44
1.4 The Club and The Reformer 55
Part II Antinomianism and Enlightenment: Intellectual Formation, 1750-1765
Overview 67
2 Natural Society and Natural Religion, 1750-1756 71
2.1 Introduction 71
2.2 Custom and Common Law 72
2.3 Philosophy and Learning 80
2.4 Mystery, Association and Latitude 89
2.5 Enthusiasm, Analogy and Particular Providence 99
2.6 A Vindication of Natural Society 107
3 The Philosophical Enquiry: Science of the Passions, 1757 119
3.1 Introducrion 119
3.2 Wonder, Pleasure and Pity 120
3.3 Beauty, Sympathy and Utility 133
3.4 Sublimity, Reverence and Fear 143
3.5 Language and Taste 150
4 Conquest and Assimilation, 1757-1765 160
4.1 Introduction 160
4.2 The Spirit of Conquest: An Account of the European Settlements in America 162
4.3 An Abridgement of English History: The Romans to Christianity 176
4.4 An Abridgement of English History: The Anglo-Saxons and the Norman Conquest 185
4.5 The Science of Constitutional Freedom 192
4.6 The Annual Register 201
4.7 The Irish Popery Laws 209
Part III Party, Sovereignty and Empire, 1765-1774
Overview 223
5 Party, Popularity and Dissent: Britain and Ireland, 1765-1774 227
5.1 Introduction 228
5.2 The Rockingham Connection 229
5.3 The Whiteboy Disturbances 238
5.4 Property and Popularity: Nullum Tempus and Wilkes 244
5.5 Thoughts on the Cause of the Present Discontents 257
5.6 Liberality and Religious Dissent 267
6 Collision with the Colonies, 1765-1774 280
6.1 Introduction 281
6.2 The Stamp Act Crisis 282
6.3 Agitation for Reform 291
6.4 Sovereignty and Authority 302
6.5 Disquisition and Consent 309
6.6 The Tea Act 316
7 A Revolution in Ideas: The Indian Empire, 1766-1773 327
7.1 Introduction 328
7.2 War, Trade and Revenue 329
7.3 Rights of Conquest 338
7.4 Company Discretion 350
7.5 Popular Prejudice and Court Design 357
Part IV Conquest, Conciliation and Representation, 1774-1785
Overview 369
8 Representation and Reform: Britain and Ireland, 1774-1784 373
8.1 Introduction 374
8.2 Bristol 376
8.3 Trade and Tumult in Ireland 390
8.4 Persecution and Toleration: Catholic Relief and the Gordon Riots 406
8.5 Economy and Innovation: Political Reform in Britain 419
8.6 Norms and Nature: From the Election to St. Eustatius 432
8.7 Reverence and Utility: Reforming the Commons 440
9 Consent and Conciliation: America, 1774-1783 448
9.1 Introduction 448
9.2 Speech on American Taxation 451
9.3 The Quebec Act 460
9.4 Passivity and Resistance 470
9.5 Speech on Conciliation 476
9.6 Speculative Supremacy and Practical Accommodation 488
9.7 Right to Revolution 498
9.8 A New State of a New Species 506
10 A Dreadful State of Things: Madras and Bengal, 1777-1785 516
10.1 Introduction 516
10.2 Lord Pigot, the Nawab of Arcot and the Raja of Tanjore 518
10.3 The Policy of Making Conquests for the Mahometans 528
10.4 The Secret Committee, the Select Committee and the Bengal Court of Judicature 538
10.5 The First and Ninth Report of the Select Committee 550
10.6 Fox's India Bills 559
10.7 The Avenging Prophet 567
Part V Whiggism, Jacobinism, Indianism and Ascendancy, 1785-1797
Overview 573
11 The Advent of Crisis: India, Britain and France, 1785-1790 577
11.1 Introduction 577
11.2 The Return of Hastings 578
11.3 Rights and Reform: Representation, Regency, Slavery 587
11.4 The Franco-British Contest 598
11.5 The Revolution in Ftance 604
11.6 Speech on the Army Estimates 613
12 The Opening of the Hastings Impeachment, 1786-1788 627
12.1 Introduction 628
12.2 A More Extended Virtue: Britain and Rome 629
12.3 The Rohilla War Charge 639
12.4 The Trial Begins: The Government of the Company 647
12.5 The Trial Continues: Native Rule and European Conquest 657
12.6 Rights of Nature: The Benares Revolution 664
12.7 The Rangpur Atrocities 672
13 The Great Primaeval Contract: Reflections on the Revolution in France, 1790 676
13.1 Introduction 677
13.2 Liberty and Dissent 679
13.3 To Frame a Government for Ourselves 688
13.4 The True Moral Equality of Mankind 700
13.5 Privilege and Merit 708
13.6 The Consecration of the Commonwealth 717
13.7 The Fatal Junction 727
13.8 Luxury and Superstition 732
14 Whig Principles and Jacobin Dogma, 1791-1793 740
14.1 Introduction 741
14.2 Aftermath of the Reflections 743
14.3 The Paradoxes of Rousseau 753
14.4 Division amongst the Whigs 763
14.5 Appealfrom the New to the Old Whigs 768
14.6 Revolution and Ascendancy in Ireland 783
14.7 France and Europe 800
14.8 The Progress of Dissent and Revolution 809
15 The Pursuit of Hastings, 1788-1796 820
15.1 Introduction 821
15.2 The Sentiment of Humanity 822
15-3 Precedent and Convenience 830
15.4 Counterfeit Virtue 840
16 Revolutionary Crescendo: Britain, Ireland and France, 1793-1797 851
16.1 Introduction 852
16.2 Revolutionary War in Europe 854
16.3 Not Freedom, but Dominion: The Fitzwilliam Episode 866
16.4 Union or Separation: Fitzwilliam and After 875
16.5 Scarcity and Plenty: Thoughts and Details and the Letter to a Noble Lord 886
16.6 The Prospect of Compromise: Letters on a Regicide Peace 899
16.7 Philosophers and Politicians: Letters on a Regicide Peace 908
16.8 Shaken to their Very Centres 918
Conclusion 920
Index 929
What People are Saying About This
"Empire and Revolution is a remarkable achievement. Richard Bourke combines an astonishing mastery of detail with unfailingly good judgment and clarity of argument. He does justice to every facet of Burke's extraordinarily rich intellectual and political life, and to the global reach of Burke's attention and efforts. This is a work to savor."—Jennifer Pitts, University of Chicago"Bridging the gap between political practice and political thought has presented a major conundrum for intellectual historians, most especially for students of Edmund Burke. With massive erudition, comprehensive scholarship, and methodological subtlety, Richard Bourke triumphantly solves this problem by scrupulously tracking the principles informing Burke's interventions across his entire political life. Empire and Revolution is quite simply the best book on Burke ever written: all future work on Burke must start from here."—David Armitage, Harvard University"Empire and Revolution is a monumental achievement. Bourke has at once given us a sensitive reading of Edmund Burke's political commitments and a bracing portrait of the later-eighteenth-century British Empire. This elegant and powerful book not only forces us to rethink Burke's politics, it compels us to rethink his age and our relationship to it."—Steven Pincus, Yale University"Our understanding of Burke's thought as both statesman and philosopher, engaged in the many problems of his revolutionary times, is from this moment both deepened and broadened beyond measure."—J.G.A. Pocock, Johns Hopkins University"Empire and Revolution is the best book on Edmund Burke available. It takes a scholar of singular learning to tackle a figure like Burke, and Richard Bourke is exactly that person. His writing is clear, his scholarship impeccable, and his mastery of eighteenth-century history self-evident. This is a brilliant book and a model for intellectual historians."—Richard Whatmore, University of St Andrews"An extremely impressive piece of work."—Mark Philp, author of Reforming Ideas in Britain: Politics and Language in the Shadow of the French Revolution, 1789-1815